Development of a numerical model for the electric current in burner-stabilised methane–air flames

This study presents a new model to simulate the electric behaviour of one-dimensional ionised flames and to predict the electric currents in these flames. The model utilises Poisson’s equation to compute the electric potential. A multi-component diffusion model, including the influence of an electric field, is used to model the diffusion of neutral and charged species. The model is incorporated into the existing CHEM1D flame simulation software. A comparison between the computed electric currents and experimental values from the literature shows good qualitative agreement for the voltage–current characteristic. Physical phenomena, such as saturation and the diodic effect, are captured by the model. The dependence of the saturation current on the equivalence ratio is also captured well for equivalence ratios between 0.6 and 1.2. Simulations show a clear relation between the saturation current and the total number of charged particles created. The model shows that the potential at which the electric field saturates is strongly dependent on the recombination rate and the diffusivity of the charged particles. The onset of saturation occurs because most created charged particles are withdrawn from the flame and because the electric field effects start dominating over mass based diffusion. It is shown that this knowledge can be used to optimise ionisation chemistry mechanisms. It is shown numerically that the so-called diodic effect is caused primarily by the distance the heavier cations have to travel to the cathode.     

On the role of mixing models in the simulation of MILD combustion using finite-rate chemistry combustion models

The present work shows an in-depth analysis about the role of mixing models on the simulation of MILD combustion using a finite-rate combustion model, the Partially Stirred Reactor approach (PaSR). Different approaches of increasing complexity are compared: a simple model based on a fraction of the integral time scale, a fractal-based mixing model and a dynamic mixing model based on the resolution of transport equations for scalar variance and dissipation rate. The approach is validated using detailed experimental data from flames stabilized on the Adelaide Jet-in-Hot Co-flow (JHC) burner at different fuel-jet Reynolds numbers (5k, 10k and 20k) and different co-flow oxygen dilution levels (3%, 6% and 9%). The results indicate the major role of mixing models to correctly handle turbulence/chemistry interactions and clearly indicate the superior performances of the dynamic mixing model over the other tested approaches.     

花瓣燃烧器低负荷运行理论与应用的研究

本文应用贴体坐标结构化网格对复杂曲面的花瓣燃烧器进行了三维(360°)煤粉燃烧的数值模拟.给出了在75%BMCR和55%BMCR工况下花瓣燃烧器的流场和浓度场,重点分析了花瓣燃烧器的稳燃原理和特性.计算结果表明,在花瓣稳燃器的作用下,煤粉气流进入炉内能立即在瓣后的径向回流区内着火燃烧,并在此区域形成稳定的"值班火焰",为整个风粉气流的着火燃烧提供稳定的热量来源.有利于低挥发分煤在广泛负荷范围内的稳定着火和完全燃烧.     

炉顶平焰炉供热负荷变化对流场的影响

１引言平焰燃烧器自六十年代问世以来,已广泛使用在各种加热炉上。它具有较多的优点,诸如温度场均匀,压力场均匀,可显著降低炉膛高度等。但平焰燃烧器的供热负荷与加热炉的炉型参数的匹配关系,仍是许多设计人员感到棘手的问题之一［１］,有必要从理论上对其进行研究...     

逆向复式射流预燃室燃烧器

预燃室是一种高效、低ＮＯｘ排放很有发展前途的洁净煤燃烧技术。但是，目前由于其体积过大，使它在实际应用中受到限制。本文叙述的逆向复式射流预燃室燃烧器结构简单、体积小、燃烧效率高、煤种适应性强，可望成为符合洁净煤技术要求的高效、低ＮＯｘ主燃烧器。     

单只水平浓缩煤粉燃烧器在1MW燃烧试验台上的试验研究

单只水平浓缩煤粉燃烧器在１ＭＷ燃烧试验台上的试验研究孙绍增，吴少华，李争起，杨明新，王新雷，陈力哲，庞丽君，邢春礼，朱彤，孙恩召，秦裕琨（哈尔滨工业大学动力工程系哈尔滨１５０００１）关键词：水平浓淡燃烧，煤粉燃烧器，稳燃，低ＮＯ_ｘ一、引言电力工业对?..     

液排渣粉煤旋风燃烧器内流场的数值模拟

本文采用数值计算的方法对液排渣粉煤旋风燃烧器内的流场进行了模拟。在研究中运用分散颗粒群模型建立了燃烧器内三维等温流场的数学模型。流场的计算采用了ＳＩＭＰＬＥ及其系列方法，其中湍流计算采用ｋ－ε模型。模型计算结果与实验结果基本吻合，证明了模型的可靠性。     

煤的模型化合物混合燃料气流床气化中N的迁移研究

将吡啶配入柴油中模拟煤中氮的存在形式,考察了混合燃料在四喷嘴对置式气化炉中,轴径向位置HCN、NH3、NO和N2的浓度分布。结果表明：氮污染物(HCN、NH3、NO)在喷嘴平面处即产生且浓度最高,远离喷嘴平面时其浓度大幅降低,N2也裂解参与了气化反应,且出口浓度N2>HCN>NH3>NO;氧燃料比增高,NO、N2增加;氧燃料比1.3时HCN、NH3浓度最高,0.9和1.7时浓度较低;流场的分布使靠近出口处径向浓度基本一致,而上部各平面位置浓度靠近炉壁处最低;水汽的加入使HCN、NH3浓度增高而NO浓度降低。     

燃煤碳烟生成的实验研究

本文利用Hencken型的平面燃烧器，以激光诱导白炽光（LII）和平面激光诱导荧光（PLIF）系统对燃煤碳烟的生成进行在线测量。对直径4—12mm的煤柱颗粒开放式燃烧的OH和碳烟颗粒进行PLIF和LII的实验结果表明，燃煤形成碳烟和挥发分火焰几乎同时出现和消失，煤柱产生碳烟的持续时间约和煤柱颗粒的粒径的1．8次方呈正比...     

基于可调谐半导体激光器吸收光谱的温度测量方法研究

介绍了基于半导体激光器作光源的吸收光谱测温技术研究和开发集成的系统,利用H₂O在1.4μm附近的吸收线对的线强比值来反演温度.介绍了该系统在实验室管式高温上的标定和开放炉管的测量验证,结果显示各设置温度下测量温度波动平均在50 K左右.之后在CH₄/空气预混平焰炉上进行进一步验证,发现在吸收线7153.7 cm^-1长波一侧出现了HITRAN08中未给出的几条H₂O吸收和该吸收线重叠.HITEMP中在这些波长上有对应的吸收线给出,但对另一条选用的吸收7154.354 cm^-1,给出的可对应吸收线中心频率和测量不一致.根据实验测量结果和HITRAN/HIlTEMP的对比,对选择吸收线对的位置和线强等参数继续采用实验室标定结果,并引入HlTEMP中给出的这些高温下表现出来的吸收线参数,在平焰炉不同当量比状态下做了测量对比.